(In the name of Allah, the
Beneficent, and the Merciful)
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ISLAMIC
REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN
[12TH APRIL,
1973]
Preamble
Whereas sovereignty over the
entire Universe belongs to Almighty Allah alone and the authority to be
exercised by the people of Pakistan within the limits prescribed by Him is a
sacred trust;
And whereas it is the will of the
people of Pakistan to establish an order:-
Wherein the State shall exercise
its powers and authority through the chosen representatives of the people;
Wherein the principles of
democracy, freedom, equality, tolerance and social justice, as enunciated by
Islam, shall be fully observed;
Wherein the Muslims shall be
enabled to order their lives in the individual and collective spheres in
accordance with the teachings and requirements of Islam as set out in the Holy
Quran and Sunnah;
Wherein adequate provision shall
be made for the minorities freely to profess and practice their religions and
develop their cultures;
Wherein the territories now
included in or in accession with Pakistan and such other territories as may
hereafter be included in or accede to Pakistan shall form a Federation wherein
the units will be autonomous with such boundaries and limitations on their
powers and authority as may be prescribed;
Wherein shall be guaranteed
fundamental rights, including equality of status, of opportunity and before
law, social, economic and political justice, and freedom of thought,
expression, belief, faith, worship and association, subject to law and public
morality;
Wherein adequate provision shall
be made to safeguard the legitimate interests of minorities and backward and
depressed classes;
Wherein the independence of the
judiciary shall be fully secured;
Wherein the integrity of the
territories of the Federation, its independence and all its rights, including
its sovereign rights on land, sea and air, shall be safeguarded;
So that the people of Pakistan
may prosper and attain their rightful and honoured place amongst the nations of
the World and make their full contribution towards international peace and
progress and happiness of humanity:
Now, therefore, we, the people of
Pakistan,
Conscious of our responsibility
before Almighty Allah and men;
Congnisant of the sacrifices made
by the people in the cause of Pakistan;
Faithful to the declaration made
by the Founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, that Pakistan
would be a democratic State based on Islamic principles of social justice;
Dedicated to the preservation of
democracy achieved by the unremitting struggle of the people against oppression
and tyranny;
Inspired by the resolve to
protect our national and political unity and solidarity by creating an
egalitarian society through a new order;
Do hereby, through our
representatives in the National Assembly, adopt, enact and give to ourselves,
this Constitution.
PART I‑
INTRODUCTORY
11. The Republic and its
territories.‑
(1) Pakistan shall be a Federal Republic to be known as the Islamic Republic of
Pakistan, hereinafter referred to as Pakistan.
2[(2)
The Constitution shall apply to the following territories of Pakistan:
(a)
The Provinces of 3[Baluchistan], the 4[Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa], the Punjab and 5[Sindh];
(b)
The Islamabad Capital Territory hereinafter referred to as the Federal
Capital;
(c)
The Federally Administered Tribal Areas; and
(d)
Such States and territories as are or may be included in Pakistan, whether by
accession or otherwise.
(3)
6[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] may by law admit into the Federation
new States or areas on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit.
2. Islam to be State religion.
Islam shall be the State religion of Pakistan.
7[2A. The Objectives Resolution to
form part of substantive provisions:- the principles and
provisions set out in the Objectives Resolution reproduced in the Annex are
here by made substantive part of the Constitution and shall have effect
accordingly..
3. Elimination
of exploitation. The
State shall ensure the elimination of all forms of exploitation and the gradual
fulfillment of the fundamental ___________________________________________________________________________________
1The provision of
the Constitution except those of Article 6, 8 to 28 (both inclusive) clause 2
and 2 (a) of Article 199, 213 to 216 (both inclusive) and 270-A brought into
force with effect from 10th March, 1985, vide S.R.O. No. 212(I)85, dated 10th
March, 1985, Gazette of Pakistan Extraordinary, Part-II, page 279 and the
aforesaid Article brought into force with effect from 30th December, 1985, vide
S.R.O. No. 1273(I)/85 dated 29th December, 1985, Gazette of Pakistan,
Extraordinary, Part-II, page 3185.
2 Subs. by the
Constitution (First Amdt.) Act, 1974 (33 of 1974), s. 2, for “clauses (2), (3)
and (4)” (w.e.f. the 4th May, 1974).
3Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 3 for “Baluchistan”.
4. Subs. ibid., for
“North-West-Frontier”
5..Subs. ibid., for
“Sindh”
6. Subs. by the
Revival of the Constitution of 1973 Order, 1985 (P.O. NO. 14 of 1985), Art, 2
and Sch., for “Parliament”.
7. New Article 2A
ins. Ibid.
principle,
from each according to his ability to each according to his work.
4. (1). Right of individuals to
be deal with in accordance with laws, etc: - To enjoy the protection of law and to be
treated in accordance with the law is the inalienable right of every citizen,
wherever he may be and of every other person for the time being within Pakistan
(2) In
particular-
(a)
No action detrimental to the life, liberty, body, reputation or property of any
person shall be taken except in accordance with law;
(b) No
person shall be prevented from or be hindered in doing that which is not
prohibited by law; and
(c) No
person shall be compelled to do that which the law does not required him to do.
5.
Loyalty to State and obedience to
Constitution and law.‑
(1) Loyalty to the State is the basic duty of every citizen.
(2)
Obedience to the Constitution and law is the 1[inviolable]
obligation of every citizen wherever he may be and of every other person for
the times being within Pakistan.
6.
High treason.‑2[(1)
Any person who abrogates or attempts or conspires to abrogate, subverts or
attempts or conspires to subvert the Constitution by use of force or show of
force or by other unconstitutional means shall be guilty of high treason.
(2)
Any person aiding or abetting 3[or collaborating] the acts mentioned
in clause (1) shall likewise be guilty of high treason.
4[(2A) An act of high
treason mentioned in clause (1) or (2) shall not be validated by any court
including the Supreme Court and a High Court.
(3) 5[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
shall by law provide for the punishment of persons found guilty of high
treason.
______________________________________________________________
1Subs. by P.O. No.
14 of 1985, Art. 2 and Sch., for “basis”.
2 Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 4 for “clause (1)”.
3 Ins. ibid,
4 New clause (2A)
ins. ibid.
5 See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
PART II
Fundamental
Rights and Principles of Policy
7. Definition of the State.‑ In this Part, unless the
context otherwise requires, "the State" means the Federal Government,
Parliament, a Provincial Government, 1[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)] a Provincial Assembly, and such local or other authorities in
Pakistan as are bylaw empowered to impose any tax or cess.
CHAPTER I.‑FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
8.
Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental Rights to be void:‑(1) Any law, or any custom or
usage having the force of law, in so far as it is inconsistent with the rights
conferred by this Chapter, shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.
(2)
The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights so
conferred and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent
of such contravention, be void.
(3)
The provisions of this Article shall not apply to‑
(a)
any law relating to members of the Armed Forces, or of the police or of such
other forces as are charged with the maintenance of public order, for the
purpose of ensuring the proper discharge of their duties or the maintenance of
discipline among them ; or
2[(b) Any of the
(i)
Laws specified in the First Schedule as in force immediately before the
commencing day or as amended by any of the laws specified in that Schedule;
(ii)
Other laws specified in Part I of the First Schedule;]
1See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
2Subs. by the
Constitution (Fourth Amdt.) Act, 1975 (71 of 1975), s. 2, for “paragraph (b)”,
(w.e.f. the 21st November, 1985), which was previously amended by
Act 33 of 1974, s.3, (w.e.f. 4th May, 1974).
And
neither such law nor any provision thereof shall be void on the ground that
such law or provision is inconsistent with, or repugnant to, any provision of
this Chapter.
(4)
Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraph (b) of clause (3), within a
period of two years from the commencing day, the appropriate Legislature shall
bring the laws specified in 1[Part II of the First Schedule] into
conformity with the rights conferred by this Chapter:
Provided
that the appropriate Legislature may by resolution extend the said period of
two years by a period not exceeding six months.
Explanation.‑ If in respect of any law 2[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)] is the appropriate Legislature, such resolution shall be a
resolution of the National Assembly.
(5) The
rights conferred by this Chapter shall not be suspended except as expressly
provided by the Constitution.
9.
Security of person.‑
No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.
10.
Safeguards as to arrest and detention.‑
(1) No person who is arrested shall be detained in custody without being
informed, as soon as may not be, of the grounds for such arrest, nor shall he
be denied the right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner of his
choice.
(2)
Every person who is arrested and detained in custody shall be produced before a
Magistrate within a period of twenty four hours of such arrest, excluding the
time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the Court of the
nearest Magistrate, and no such person shall be detained in custody beyond the
said period without the authority of a Magistrate.
(3)
Nothing in clauses (i) and (2) shall apply to any person who is arrested or
detained under any law providing for preventive detention.
________________________________________________________________
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Fourth Amdt.) Act, 1975 (71 of 1975), s. 2, for “the First
Schedule, not being a law which relates to, or is connected with, economic
reforms.”
2See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
(4) No
law providing for preventive detention shall be made except to deal with
persons acting in a manner prejudicial to the integrity, security or defence of
Pakistan or any part thereof, or external affairs of Pakistan, or public order,
or the maintenance of supplies or services, and no such law shall authorise the
detention of a person for a period exceeding 1[three months] unless
the appropriate Review Board has, after affording him an opportunity of being
heard in person, reviewed his case and reported, before the expiration of the
said period, that there is, in its opinion, sufficient cause for such
detention, and, if the detention is continued after the said period of one
month, unless the appropriate Review Board has reviewed his case and reported,
before the expiration of each period of three months, that there is, in its
opinion, sufficient cause for such detention.
Explanation
I---In this Article, "the
appropriate Review Board" means, ‑
(i) in
the case of a person detained under a Federal law, a Board appointed by the
Chief Justice of Pakistan and consisting of a Chairman and two other persons,
each of whom is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court ; and
(ii)
In the case of a person detained under a Provincial law, a Board appointed by
the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned and consisting of a Chairman and
two other persons, each of whom is or has been a Judge of a High Court.
Explanation II.‑ The opinion of a Review Board
shall be expressed in terms of the views of the majority of its members.
(5)
When any person is detained in pursuance of an order made under any law
providing for preventive detention, the authority making the order shall, 2[within
fifteen days] from such detention, communicate to such person the grounds on
which the order has been made, and shall afford him the earliest opportunity of
making a representation against the order,
Provided that the authority making
any such order may refuse to disclose facts which such
_______________________________________________________________
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Third Amdt.) Act, 1975 (22 of 1975), s. 2, for “one month”
(w.e.f. the 13th February, 1975).
2Subs.ibid., for
“as soon as may be, but not later that one week” (w.e.f. the 13th
February, 1975).
authority considers it to be against the public interest to disclose.
authority considers it to be against the public interest to disclose.
(6) The
authority making the order shall furnish to the appropriate Review Board all
documents relevant to the case unless a certificate, signed by a Secretary to
the Government concerned, to the effect that it is not in the public interest
to furnish any documents, is produced.
(7)
Within a period of twenty four months commencing on the day of his first
detention in pursuance of an order made under a law providing for preventive
detention, no person shall be detained in pursuance of any such order for more
than a total period of eight months in the case of a person detained for acting
in a manner prejudicial to public order and twelve months in any other case;
Provided
that this clause shall not apply to any person who is employed by, or works
for, or acts on instructions received from the enemy 1[,or who is
acting or attempting to act in a manner prejudicial to the integrity, security
or defence of Pakistan or any part thereof or who commits or attempts to commit
any act which amounts to anti-national activity as defined in a Federal law or
is a member of any association which has for its objects or which indulges in,
any such anti-national activity.
(8) The
appropriate Review Board shall determine the place of detention of the person
detained and fix a reasonable subsistence allowance for his family.
(9)
Nothing in this Article shall apply to any person who for the time being is an
enemy alien.
2[10
(A). Right to fair trial: - For
the determination of his civil rights and obligations or in any criminal charge
against him a person shall be entitled to a fair trial and due process
11.
Slavery, forced labour, etc., prohibited.‑ (1) Slavery is non‑existent and forbidden and no
law shall permit or facilitate its introduction into Pakistan in any form.
(2)
All forms of forced labour and traffic in human beings are prohibited.
________________________________________________________________
1Added by the
Constitution (Third Amdt.) Act, 1975 (22 of 1975), s, 2.
2New Article 10 A
ins. by the Constitution (Eighteen Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 5.
(3) No child below
the age of fourteen years shall be engaged in any factory or mine or any other
hazardous employment.
(4)
Nothing in this Article shall be deemed to affect compulsory service‑
(a) By
any person undergoing punishment for an offence against any law; or
(b)
Required by any law for public purpose
Provided
that no compulsory service shall be of a cruel nature or incompatible with
human dignity.
12.
Protection against retrospective punishment.‑ (1) No law shall authorize the punishment of a
person‑
(a) For
an act or omission that was not punishable by law at the time of the act or
omission; or
(b) For
an offence by a penalty greater than, or of a kind different from, the penalty
prescribed by law for that offence at the time the offence was committed.
(2)
Nothing in clause (1) or in Article 270 shall apply to any lawmaking acts of
abrogation or subversion of a Constitution in force in Pakistan at any time
since the twenty third day of March, one thousand nine hundred and fifty six,
and an offence.
13.
Protection against double punishment and self incrimination. No person----
(a)
Shall be prosecuted or punished for the same offence, more than once; or
(b)
Shall, when accused of an offence, be compelled to be a witness against
himself.
14.
Inviolability of dignity of man, etc.‑
(1) the dignity of man and, subject to law, the privacy of home, shall be
inviolable.
(2) No
person shall be subjected to torture for the purpose of extracting evidence.
15.
Freedom of movement, etc.‑Every
citizen shall have the right to remain in, and, subject to any reasonable
restriction imposed by law in the public interest, enter
and move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside and settle in any part
thereof.
16. Freedom of assembly.‑ every citizen shall have
the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to any reasonable
restrictions imposed by law in the interest of public order.
1[17. Freedom of association.‑(1) Every citizen shall have the
right to form associations or unions, subject to any reasonable restrictions
imposed by law in the interest of morality or public order.
(2) Every citizen not being in the service of
Pakistan shall have the right to form or be a member of a political party,
subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the
sovereignty or the integrity of Pakistan and such law shall provide that where
the Federal Government declares that any political party has been formed or is
operating in a manner prejudicial to the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan,
the Federal Government shall within fifteen days of such declaration, refer the
matter to the supreme court whose decisions on such reference shall be final.
(3) Every political party shall account for the
source of its funds in accordance with law.
18.
Freedom of trade, business or profession.‑ Subject to such qualifications, if any, as may be
prescribed by law, every citizen shall have the right to enter upon any lawful
profession or occupation, and to conduct any lawful trade or business;
Provided
that nothing in this Article shall prevent‑
(a)
The regulation of any trade or profession by licensing system; or
(b)
The regulation of trade, commerce or industry in the interest of free
competition therein; or
(c)
the carrying on, by the Federal Government or a Provincial Government, or by a
corporation controlled by any such Government, of any trade, business,
_______________________________________________________________
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 6. for “Article 17”.
industry
or service, to the exclusion, complete or partial, of other persons.
19. Freedom of speech, etc.‑ Every
citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and there
shall be freedom of the press, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed
by law in the interest of the glory of Islam or the integrity, security or
defence of Pakistan or any part thereof, friendly relations with foreign
States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of Court,
1[commission of] or incitement to an offence.
2[19. A Right to
information:
- Every citizen shall have the right to have access to information in all
matters of public importance subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions
imposed by law.
20.
Freedom to profess religion and to manage religious Institutions. Subject to law, public order
and morality, ‑
(a)
Every citizen shall have the right to profess, practice and propagate his
religion; and
(b)
Every religious denomination and every sect thereof shall have the right to
establish, maintain and manage its religious institutions.
21.
Safeguard against taxation for purposes of any particular religion. No person shall be compelled to
pay any special tax the proceeds of which are to be spent on the propagation or
maintenance of any religion other than his own.
22.
Safeguards as to educational institutions in respect of religion, etc. (1) No person attending any
educational institution shall be required to receive religious instruction, or
take part in any religious ceremony, or attend religious worship, if such
instruction, ceremony or worship relates to a religion other than his own.
(2)
In respect of any religious institution, there shall be no discrimination
against any community in the granting of exemption or concession in relation to
taxation.
(3)
Subject to law, ‑
________________________________________________________________
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Fourth Amdt.) Act, 1975 (71 of 1975), s. 4, for “defamation”
(w.e.f. the 21st November, 1975).
2New Article 19A
ins. by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010),
(a) no religious community or denomination shall be prevented from; providing religious instruction for pupils of that community or denomination in any educational institution maintained wholly by that community or denomination; and
(a) no religious community or denomination shall be prevented from; providing religious instruction for pupils of that community or denomination in any educational institution maintained wholly by that community or denomination; and
(b)
no citizen shall be denied admission to any educational institution receiving
aid from public revenues on the ground only of race, religion, caste or place
of birth.
(4)
Nothing in this Article shall prevent any public authority from making
provision for the advancement of any socially or educationally backward class
of citizens.
23.
Provision as to property.‑
every citizen shall have the right to .acquire, hold and dispose of property in
any part of Pakistan, subject to the Constitution and any reasonable
restrictions imposed by law in the public Interest.
24.
Protection of property rights.‑
(1) No person shall be deprived of 'his property save in accordance with law.
(2)
No property shall be compulsorily acquired or taken possession of save for a
public purpose, and save by the authority of law which provides ‑for
compensation therefore and either fixes the amount of compensation or specifies
the principles on and the manner in which compensation is to be determined and
given.
(3)
Nothing in this Article shall affect the validity of‑--
(a)
any law permitting the compulsory acquisition or taking possession of any
property for preventing danger to life, property or public health ; or
(b)
Any law permitting the taking over of any property which has been acquired by,
or come into the possession of, any person by any unfair means, or in any
manner, contrary to law ; or
(c)
any law relating to the acquisition, administration or disposal of any property
which is or is deemed to be enemy property or evacuee property under any law
(not being property which has ceased to be evacuee property under any law) ; or
(d)
any law providing for the taking over of the management of any property by the
State for a limited period, either in the public interest or in order to secure
the proper management of the property, or for the benefit of its owner ; or
(e)
Any law providing for the acquisition of any class of property for ‑the purpose
of‑
(I)
Providing education and medical aid to all;’ or any specified class of
citizens; or
(ii)
providing housing and public facilities and services such as roads, water
supply, sewerage, gas and electric power to all or any specified class of
citizens ; or
(iii)
Providing maintenance to those who, on account of unemployment, sickness,
infirmity or old age, are unable to maintain themselves; or
(f)
Any existing law or any law made in pursuance of Article 253.
(4)
The adequacy or otherwise of any compensation provided for by any such law as
is referred to in this Article, or determined in pursuance thereof, shall not
be called in question in any Court.
25.
Equality of citizens.‑
(1) all citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of
law.
(2)
There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex1*.
(3)
Nothing in this Article shall prevent the State from making any special
provision for the protection of women and children.
2[25(A).
Right to education: - the
state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of
five to sixteen years in such a manner as may be determined by laws.
1The word “alone”
omitted by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 8.
2New Article 25A
ins. Ibid., s. 9.
26.
Non‑discrimination in respect of access to public places.‑(1) In respect of access to
places of public entertainment or resort, not intended for religious purposes
only, there shall be no discrimination against any citizen on the ground only
of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth.
(2)
Nothing in clause (1) shall prevent the State from making any special provision
for women and children.
27.
Safeguard against discrimination in services.‑(1) No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment
in the service of Pakistan shall be discriminated against in respect of any
such appointment on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or
place of birth;
Provided
that, for a period not exceeding 1[forty] years from the commencing,
day, posts may be reserved for persons belonging to any class or area to secure
their adequate representation in the service of Pakistan;
Provided
further that, in the interest of the said service, specified posts or services
may be reserved for members of either sex if such posts or services entail the
performance of duties and functions which cannot be adequately performed by
members of the other sex 2[:]
3[Provided also that under-representation
of any class or area in the service of Pakistan may be redressed in such manner
as may be determined by an Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)
(2)
Nothing in clause (1) shall prevent any Provincial Government, or, any local or
other authority in a Province from prescribing, in relation to any post or
class of service under that Government or authority, conditions, as to
residence in the Province, for a period not exceeding three years, prior to
appointment under that Government or authority.
28. Preservation
of language, script and culture.‑ Subject to Article 251 any
section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture shall have the
right to preserve and promote the same and subject to law, establish
institutions for that purpose.
1.Subs. and shall be deemed always to have been so subs.
by the Constitution (Sixteenth Amendment) Act, 1999 (7 of 1999), s.2, for
“twenty”, which was previously subs. by P.O. No. 14 of 1985 Art. 2 and Sch.,
for “ten”.
2.Subs. by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010
(10 of 2010). S. 10 for the full-stop.
3New proviso ins. Ibid.
CHAPTER 2.‑PRINCIPLES
OF POLICY
29.
Principles of Policy.‑
(1) The Principles set out in this Chapter, shall be known as the Principles of
Policy, and it is the responsibility of each, organ and authority of the State,
and of each person performing functions on behalf of an organ or authority of
the State, to act in accordance with those Principles in so far as they relate
to the functions of the organ or authority.
(2)
In go far as the observance of any particular Principle of Policy may be
dependent upon resources being available for the purpose, the Principle shall
be regarded as being subject to the availability of resources.
(3)
In respect of each year, the President in relation to the affairs of the
Federation, and the Governor of each Province in relation to the affairs of
his Province, shall cause to be prepared and laid before 1[each
House of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] or, as the case may be, the Provincial
Assembly, a report on the observance and implementation of the Principles of
Policy, and provision shall be made in the rules of procedure of the National
Assembly 2[and the Senate] or, as the case may be, the Provincial
Assembly, for discussion on such report.
30.
Responsibility with respect to Principles of Policy.‑ (l) The responsibility of
deciding whether any action of an organ or authority of the State, or of a
person performing functions on behalf of an organ or authority of the State, is
in accordance with the Principles of Policy is that of the organ or authority
of the State, or of the person, concerned.
(2)
The validity of an action or of a law shall not be called in question on the
ground that it is not in accordance with the Principles of Policy, and no action
shall lie against the State, any organ or authority of the State of any person
on such ground.
31. Islamic way of Life.‑(1) Steps shall be taken to
enable the Muslims of Pakistan, individually and collectively, to order their
lives in accordance with the fundamental principles and basic concepts of Islam
and to provide facilities whereby they may be enabled to understand the meaning
of life according to the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. for “the National
Assembly”.
2Ins. ibid.
(2)
The State shall endeavor, as respects the Muslims of Pakistan, ‑
(a)
to make the teaching of the Holy Quran and Islamiat compulsory, to encourage
and facilitate the learning of Arabic language and to secure correct and exact
printing and publishing of the Holy Quran;
(b)
To promote unity and the observance of the Islamic moral standards and
(c)
To secure the proper organisation of zakat
1[ushr,] aquaf and mosques.
32.
Promotion of local Government institutions.‑ The State shall encourage local Government
institutions composed of elected representatives of the areas concerned and in
such institutions special representation will be given to peasants, workers and
women.
33.
Parochial and other similar prejudices to be discouraged: - The State shall discourage
parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian and provincial prejudices among the
citizens.
34.
Full participation of women in national life.‑ Steps shall be taken to, ensure full participation
of women in all spheres of national life.
35.
Protection of family, etc.‑
The State shall protect the marriage, the family, the mother and the child.
36.
Protection of minorities.‑ The
State shall safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of minorities,
including their due representation in the Federal and Provincial services.
37.
Promotion of social justice and eradication of social evils.‑ The State shall‑
(a)
Promote, with special care, the educational and economic interests of backward
classes or areas;
(b)
Remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within
minimum possible period;
(c) Make technical and
professional education generally available and higher education equally
accessible to all on the basis of merit;
1Ins. by P.O. No. 14 of 1985, Art.
2 and Sch.,
(d)
Ensure inexpensive and expeditious justice;
(e)
Make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work, ensuring that
children and women are not employed in vocations unsuited to their age or sex,
and for maternity benefits for women in employment;
(f)
Enable the people of different areas, through education, training, agricultural
and industrial development and other methods, to participate, fully in all
forms of national activities, including employment in the service of Pakistan;
(g)
Prevent prostitution, gambling and taking of injurious drugs, printing,
publication, circulation and display of obscene literature and advertisements;
(h)
Prevent the consumption of alcoholic liquor otherwise than for medicinal and,
in the case of non Muslims, religious purposes; and
(i)
decentralise the Government administration so as to facilitate ‑expeditious
disposal of its business to meet the convenience and requirements of the
public.
38.
Promotion of social and economic well‑being of the people.‑ The State shall‑
(a)
secure the well‑being of the people, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race,
by raising their standard of living, by preventing the concentration of wealth
and means of production and distribution in the hands of a few to the'
detriment of general interest and by ensuring equitable adjustment of :rights
between employers and employees, and landlords and tenants ;
(b)
provide for all citizens, within the available resources of the country,
facilities for work and adequate livelihood with reasonable rest and leisure;
(c)
provide for all persons employed in the service of Pakistan or otherwise,
social security by compulsory social insurance or other means;
(d)
provide basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education
and medical relief, for all such citizens, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or
race,
as are
permanently or temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of
infirmity, sickness or unemployment ;
(e)
reduce disparity in the income and earnings of individuals, including. persons
in the various classes of the service of Pakistan; 1*
(f)
eliminate riba as early as possible 2[;and]
3[(g)
ensure that the shares of the provinces in all Federal services, including
autonomous bodies and cooperation’s established by or under the control of the
Federal Government, shall be secured and any omission in the allocation of the
shares of the Provinces in the past shall be rectified.
39.
Participation of people in Armed Forces.‑ The State shall enable people from all parts of
Pakistan to participate in the Armed Forces of Pakistan.
40. Strengthening bonds with
Muslim world and promoting international peace.‑ The State shall endeavor to
preserve and strengthen fraternal, ‑relations among Muslim countries based on
Islamic unity, support the common interests of the peoples of Asia, Africa and
Latin America, promote international peace and security, foster goodwill and
friendly relations among all nations and encourage the settlement of
international, disputes by peaceful means.
1The word “and”
omitted by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) act, 2010 (10 of 2010, s. 12.
2.Subs. ibid; for the
full-stop.
3New paragraph (g)
added ibid.
PART
III THE FEDERATION OF PAKISTAN
CHAPTER 1.‑THE
PRESIDENT
41.
The President.‑
(1) There shall be a President of Pakistan who shall be the Head of State and
shall represent the unity of the Republic.
(2)
A person shall not be qualified for election as President unless he is a Muslim
of not less than forty five years of age and is qualified to be elected as
member of the National Assembly.
1[(3)
The President shall be 2*** elected in accordance with the provisions
of the Second Schedule by the members of an electoral college consisting of----
(a)
the members of both Houses; and
(b)
the members of the Provincial Assemblies
(4)
Election to the office of President shall be held not earlier than sixty days
and not later than thirty days before the expiration of the term of the
President in office
Provided
that, if the election cannot be held within the period aforesaid because the
National Assembly is dissolved, it shall be held within thirty days of the
general election to the Assembly.
(5)
An election to fill a vacancy in the office of President shall be held not
later than thirty days from the occurrence of the vacancy
Provided
that, if the election cannot be held within the period aforesaid because the
National Assembly is dissolved, it shall be held within thirty days of the
general election to the Assembly.
(6) The validity of the election
of the President shall not be called in question by or before any Court or other
authority.
1Subs. By P.O. No.
14 of 1985, Art. 2 and Sch., for “clause (3)”.
2Certain words
omitted by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 13.
1* * * * * * *
1* * * * * * *
42. Oath of
President.‑
Before entering upon office, the President shall make before the Chief Justice
of Pakistan oath in the form set out in the Third Schedule.
43.
Conditions of President's office: (1)
The President shall not hold any office of profit in the service of Pakistan or
occupy any other position carrying the right to remuneration for the rendering
of services.
(2)
The President shall not be a candidate for election as a member of 2[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)] or a Provincial Assembly; and, if a member of 2[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament) or a Provincial Assembly is elected as President, his seat in 2[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)] or, as the case may be, the Provincial Assembly shall become
vacant on the day he enters upon his office.
44.
Term of office for President.‑
(1) Subject to the Constitution, the President shall hold office for a term of
five years from the day he enters upon his office
Provided
that the President shall, notwithstanding the expiration of his term, continue
to hold office until his successor enters upon his office.
(2)
Subject to the Constitution, a person holding office as President shall be
eligible for re‑election to that office, but no person shall hold that office
for more than two consecutive terms.
(3) The President may, by writing
under his hand addressed to the Speaker of the National Assembly, resign his
office.
1Clause (7) to (9)
Omitted by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010).s. 13.
2See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
45.
President's power to grant pardon, etc.‑ The President shall have power to grant pardon,
reprieve and respite, and to remit, suspend or commute any sentence passed by
any Court, tribunal or other authority.
1[46.
President to be kept informed.‑
The Prime Minister shall keep the President informed on matters of internal and
foreign policy and on all legislative proposals the Federal Government intends
to bring before Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).]
47.
Removal of President.‑ 3[(1)
Notwithstanding anything contained in the Constitution, the President may be
removed from office in accordance with the provisions of this Article on the
ground of physical or mental incapacity or 9n a charge of violating the
Constitution or gross misconduct.
(2)
Not less than one half of the total membership of either House may give to the
Speaker of the National Assembly or, as the case may be, the Chairman written
notice of its intention to move a resolution for the removal of the President;
and such notice shall set out the particulars of his incapacity or of the
charge against him.
(3)
If a notice under clause (2) is received by the Chairman, he shall transmit it
forthwith to the Speaker.
(4)
The Speaker shall, within three days of the receipt of a notice under clause
(2) or clause (3), cause a copy of the notice. to be transmitted to the
President.
(5)
The Speaker shall summon the two Houses to meet in a joint sitting not earlier
than seven days and not later than fourteen days after the receipt of the
notice by him.
(6) The joint sitting may
investigate or cause to be investigated the ground or the charge upon which the
notice is founded.
1Subs. By the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act. 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 14, for “Article
46”.
2Ins. by the P.O.
14 of 1985, Art 2 and Sch.
3Subs. Ibid, for
“clauses (1) and (2)”.
(7) The President shall have the right to appear and be represented during the investigation, if any, and before the joint sitting.
(7) The President shall have the right to appear and be represented during the investigation, if any, and before the joint sitting.
(8)
If, after consideration of the result of the investigation, if any, a resolution
is passed at the joint sitting by the votes of not less than two thirds of the
total membership 1[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)]of Parliament,
declaring that the President is unfit to hold the office due to incapacity or
is guilty of violating the Constitution or of gross misconduct, the President
shall cease to hold office immediately on the passing of the resolution.
2[48.
President to act on advice, etc.‑
(1) In the exercise of his functions, the President shall act 3[on
and] in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet 4[or the Prime
Minister].
5[Provided
that 3[within fifteen days] the President may require the Cabinet
or; as the case may be the Prime Minister to reconsider such advice, either
generally or otherwise, and the President shall 3[within ten days.]
act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration.]
(2)
notwithstanding anything contained in clause (1) the President shall act in his
discretion in respect of any matter in respect of which he is empowered by the
Constitution to do so 6[and the validity of anything done by the
President in his discretion shall not be called in question on any ground
whatsoever].
7* * * * * * *
(3)
clause (3) omitted, ibid.
(4) The question whether any, and
if so what, advice was tendered to the President by the Cabinet, the Prime Minister, a Minister or
Minister of the State shall not be inquired into in any Court, tribunal or
other authority.
1See footnote 6 on page 5, supra.
2Subs. By P.O. No. 14 of 1985, Art. 2 and Sch., for “Article
48”
3Ins. by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010
(10 of 2010), s. 15.
4Subs. by the Constitution (Eight Amdt.) Act, 1985 (18
of 1985), s. 2 for “,the Prime Minister, or a appropriate Minister”.
5Subs. ibid., for “the original proviso”.
6Added ibid.
7Clause (3) omitted, ibid.
1[(5) where the President dissolves the National Assembly notwithstanding anything contained in clause (1), he shall,
1[(5) where the President dissolves the National Assembly notwithstanding anything contained in clause (1), he shall,
(a)
appoint a date not later than ninety days from the date of the dissolution for
the holding of a general election to the Assembly; and
(b)
appoint a care taker Cabinet.
1[(6).
If any time the Prime Minister considers it necessary to hold a referendum
on any matter of national importance, he may refer the matter to a joint
sitting of the Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) and if it is approved in a joint
sitting, the Prime Minister may cause such matter to be referred to a
referendum in a form of a question that is capable of being answered by either
“Yes” or “NO”.]
(7).
An Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) may lay down the procedure for the
holding of a referendum and compiling and consolidation of the result of a
referendum.
49.
Chairman or Speaker to act as, or perform functions of President. (1) If the office of President
becomes vacant by reason of death, resignation or removal of the President, the
Chairman or, if he is unable to perform the functions of the office of
President, the Speaker of the National Assembly shall act as President until a
President is elected in accordance with clause (3) of Article 41.
(2)
When the President, by reason of absence from Pakistan or any other cause, is
unable to perform his functions, the Chairman or, if he too is absent or unable
to perform the functions of the office of President, the Speaker of the
National Assembly shall perform the functions of President until the President
returns to Pakistan or, as the case may be, resumes his functions.
CHAPTER 2‑THE 2[MAJLIS-E-SHOORA
(PARLIAMENT)]
Composition, duration and
meetings of Majlis-e-Shoora Parliament
3[50. Parliament.‑ There shall be a Parliament
consisting of two Houses to be known as the National Assembly and the Senate.
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 15, for “clauses (5)
and (6)”.
2See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
3Subs. by P.O. No.
14 of 1985, Art. And Sch., for “Article 50”
1[51. National Assembly.‑ (1) The National Assembly shall consist of two hundred members to be elected by direct and free vote in accordance with law.
1[51. National Assembly.‑ (1) The National Assembly shall consist of two hundred members to be elected by direct and free vote in accordance with law.
(2)
A person shall be entitled to vote if‑
(a)
he is a citizen of Pakistan;
(b)
he is not less than eighteen years of age;
(c)
his name appears on the electoral roll; and
(d)
he is not declared by a Competent Court to be of unsound mind;
(3)
The seats in the National Assembly referred to in clause (1), except as
provided in clause (4), shall be allocated to each Province, the Federally
Administered Tribal Areas and the Federal Capital as under:
General Seat Women Total
Baluchistan 14 3 17
Khyber
Pkhtunkhwa 35 8 43
Punjab 148 35 183
Sindh 61 14 75
Federally 12 ----- 12
Administered
Tribal Areas
2
Federal
Capital 2 60 332
Total
272 60 332
(4)
in addition to the number of seats referred to in clause (3), there shall be,
in the National Assembly, ten seats reserved for non-Muslims.
(5) the seats in the National Assembly shall
be allocated to each Province, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and the
Federal Capital on the basis of population in accordance with the last
preceding census officially published.
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 16 for “Article 51”
and shall be deemed always to have been so subs. with effect from the 21st
day of August, 2002.
(6) For the purpose of election to the National Assembly:-
(6) For the purpose of election to the National Assembly:-
(a) the constituencies for the general
seats shall be single member territorial constituencies and the members to fill
such scats shall he elected by direct and free vote in accordance with law:
(b) each
Province shall be a single constituency frail scats reserved for women which
are allocated to the respective Provinces under clause (3);
(c) the constituency for all
scats reserved for non Muslims shall be the whole country ;
(d) members to the scats reserved for
women which are allocated to a Province under clause (3) shall be elected in
accordance with law through proportional representation system of political
parties' lists of candidates on the basis of total number of general seats
secured by each political party from the Province concerned in the National
Assembly:
Provided d that
for the purpose of this paragraph the total number of general seats won by a
political party shall include the independent returned candidate or candidates
who may duly join such political pay within three days of the publication in
the official Gazette of the names of the returned candidates; and
(e) members to the scats reserved for
non-Muslims shall be elected in accordance with law through proportional
representation system of political parties' lists of candidates on the basis of
total number of general seats won by each political party in the
National Assembly:
Provided that for
the purpose of this paragraph the total number of general seats won by a political
party shall included the independent returned candidate or candidates who may
duly join such political party within three days of the publication in the
official Gazette of the names of the
returned candidates,
52.
Duration of National Assembly.‑
The National Assembly shall, unless sooner dissolved, continue for a term of
five years from the day of its first meeting and shall stand dissolved at the
expiration of its term.
53.
Speaker and Deputy Speaker of National Assembly.‑ (1) After a general election,
the National Assembly shall, at its first meeting and to the exclusion of any
other business, elect from amongst its members a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker
and, so often as the office of Speaker or Deputy Speaker becomes vacant, the
Assembly shall elect another member am Speaker or, as the case may be, Deputy
Speaker.
(2)
Before entering upon office, a member elected as Speaker or Deputy Speaker
shall make before the National Assembly oath in the, form set out in the Third
Schedule.
(3)
When the office of Speaker is vacant, or the Speaker is absent or is unable to
perform his functions due to any cause, the Deputy Speaker shall act as
Speaker, and if, at that time, the Deputy Speaker is also absent or is unable
to act as Speaker due to any cause, such member as may be determined by the
rules of procedure of the Assembly shall preside at the meeting of the
Assembly.
(4)
The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker shall not preside at a meeting of the
Assembly when a resolution for his removal from office is being considered.
(5)
The Speaker may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign
his office.
(6)
The Deputy Speaker may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Speaker,
resign his office.
(7)
The office of Speaker or Deputy Speaker shall become vacant if‑
(a)
he resigns his office;
(b)
he ceases to be a member of the Assembly; or
(c)
he is removed from office by a resolution of the Assembly, of which not less
than seven days' notice has been given and which is passed by the votes of the
majority of the total membership of the Assembly.
(8)
When the National Assembly is dissolved, the Speaker shall continue in his
office till the person elected to fill the office by the next Assembly enters
upon his office.
154. Summoning and prorogation of
Parliament.‑(1)
The President may, from time to time, summon either House or both Houses or 2[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)] in joint sitting to meet at such time and place as he thinks fit
and may also prorogue the same.
(2)
There shall be at least 3[three] sessions of the National Assembly
every year, and not more than one hundred and twenty days shall intervene
between the last sitting of the Assembly in one session and the date appointed
for its first sitting in the next session;
Provided
that the National Assembly shall meet for not less than one hundred and 4[thirty]
working days in each year.
5[Explanation. - in this clause “working
days” includes any day on which there is a joint sitting and nay period, not
exceeding two days, for which the National Assembly is adjourned.]
(3) On a requisition signed by
not less than one fourth of the total membership of the National Assembly, the
Speaker shall summon the National Assembly to meet, at such time and place as
he thinks fit, within fourteen days of the receipt of the requisition; and when
the Speaker has summoned the Assembly only he may prorogue it.
1Article 54, had,
until the 31st day of December, 1973 effect as if the proviso to clause (2)
thereof were omitted. See the Removal of Difficulties (Sittings of National Assembly)
Order 1973 P.O. 1973 (P.O. No. 23 of 1973), Art.2.
2See footnote 6 on
page 5, supra.
3Subs. by P.O. No.
14 of 1985, Art. 2 and Sch., for “two”.
4Subs. by the
Constitution (Tenth Amdt.) Act. 1987 (1 of 1987), s. 2, for “sixty” which was
previously amended by P.O. No. 14 of 1985. Art. 2 and Sch.
5Explanation added
by the Constitution (Fourth Amdt.) Act, 1975 (71 of 1975), s. 6 (w.e.f. the
21st November, 1975).
55.
Voting in Assembly and quorum.‑
(1) Subject to the Constitution, all decisions of the National Assembly shall
be taken by majority of the members present and voting, but the person
presiding shall not vote except fin the case of equality of votes.
(2)
If at any time during a sitting of the National Assembly the attention, of the
person presiding is drawn to the fact that less than one fourth of the total
membership of the Assembly is present, he shall either adjourn the Assembly or
suspend the meeting until at least one fourth of such membership is present.
56.
Address by President.‑
1[(1)] The President may address either House or both Houses
assembled together and may for that purpose require the attendance of the
members.
1[(2).
The President may send messages to either House, whether with respect to a Bill
then pending in the Majlis-e-Shoora(Parliament) or otherwise and a House to
which any message is so sent shall with all convenient dispatch consider any
matter required by the message to be taken into consideration.
2[(3)
at the commencement of the first session after each general election to the
National Assembly and at the commencement of the first session of each year the
President shall address both Houses assembled together and inform the
Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) of the causes of its summons.
(4)
provisions shall be made in the rules for regulating the procedure of a House
and the conduct of its business for the allotment of time for discussion of the
matters referred to in the address of the President.
57. Right to speak in 3[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)].‑ The
Prime Minister, a Federal Minister, a Minister of State and the Attorney General
shall have the right to speak and otherwise take part in the proceedings of
either House, or a joint sitting or any committee thereof, of which he may be
named a member, but shall not by virtue of this Article be entitled to vote.
1Re-numbered and
added by P.O. No. 14 of 1985, Art. 2 and Sch.,
2Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighth Amdt.) Act 1985. (18 of 1985), s. 4, for “clause (3)”.
3See footnote 6 on
page 5 supra..,
1[58.
Dissolution of National Assembly.‑
(1) The President shall dissolve the, National Assembly if so advised by the
Prime Minister; and the National Assembly shall, unless sooner dissolved, stand
dissolved at the expiration of forty eight hours after the Prime Minister has
so advised.
Explanation.‑ Reference in this Article to
"Prime Minister" shall not be construed to include reference to a
Prime Minister against whom a resolution for a vote of no confidence has been
moved in the National Assembly but has not been voted upon or against whom such
a resolution has been passed or who is continuing in office after his
resignation or after the, dissolution of the National Assembly
(2)
notwithstanding anything contained in clause (2) of Article 48, the President
may also dissolve the National Assembly in his discretion where a vote of
no-confidence having been passed against the Prime Minister no other member of
the National Assembly commands the confidence of the majority of the members of
the National Assembly in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution as
ascertained in a session of the National Assembly summoned for the purpose.
2[59.
Senate. ‑ (1)
The Senate shall consist of sixty three members, of whom‑
(a)
Fourteen shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly‑
(b)
Eight shall be elected from the Federally Administered' Tribal Areas in such
manner as the President may, by Order prescribe;
(c)
Two on general seats, and one woman and one technocrat including aalim shall be elected from the Federal
Capital in such manner as the President may, by Order, prescribe;
(d)
Four women shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly
(e) Four technocrats including lemma
shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly; and
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 17, for “Article
58”.
2Subs. ibid., s.
18, for “Article 59”.
(f) Four non Muslims, one from each Province shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly:
(f) Four non Muslims, one from each Province shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly:
Provided that paragraph (f) shall
be effective from the next Senate election after the commencement of the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amendment) Act, 2010.
(2) Election to
fill scats in the Senate allocated to each Province shall be held in accordance
with the system of proportional representation by means of the single
transferable vote.
'* (3) The Senate shall not be subject to dissolution but the term of its
members, who shall retire as follows, shall be six years:-
(a)
of the members referred to in paragraph (a) of clause (l), seven shall retire after
the expiration of the first three years and seven shall retire after the
expiration of the next three years;
(b)
of the members referred to in paragraph (b) of the aforesaid clause, four shall
retire after the expiration of the first three years and four shall retire
after the expiration of the n 'xl three years;
(c) of the
members referred to in paragraph (c) of the aforesaid clause.-
(i)
one elected on general seat shall retire after the expiration of the first three
years and the other one shall retire after the expiration of the next three
years: and
(ii)
one elected on the seat reserved for technocrat shall retire after first three
years and the one elected on the scat reserved for woman shall retire after the
expiration of the next three years;
(d)
of the members referred to in paragraph (d) of the aforesaid clause, two shall
retire after the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after
the expiration of the next three years;
(e) Of the members
referred to in paragraph (e) of the aforesaid clause two
shall retire after
the expiration of the first three years and two shall retire after the
expiration of the next three years; and
(f) Of the members referred to in paragraph (f) of the aforesaid clause,
two shall retire after the expiration of first three years and two shall retire
after the expiration of next three years:
Provided that the
Election Commission for the first term of seats for non Muslims shall draw a
lot as to which two members shall retire after the first three years.
(4) The term of office of a person elected to fill
a casual vacancy shall be the unexpired term of the member whose vacancy he has
filled.
60.
Chairman and Deputy Chairman.‑
(1) After the Senate has been duly constituted, it shall, at its first meeting
and to the exclusion of any other business, elect from amongst its members a
Chairman and a Deputy Chairman and, so often as the office of Chairman or
Deputy Chairman becomes‑ ‑vacant, the Senate shall elect another member as
Chairman or, as the case may be, Deputy Chairman.
(2)
The term of office of the Chairman or Deputy Chairman shall be 1[three]
years from the day on which he enters upon his office.
61. Other provisions relating to
Senate:- The provisions of clauses (2) to
(7) of Article 53, clauses (2) and (3) of Article 54 and Article 55 shall apply
to the Senate as they apply to the National Assembly and, in their application
to the Senate, shall have effect as if references therein to the National
Assembly, Speaker and Deputy Speaker, were references respectively, to the
Senate Chairman and Deputy Chairman 2[and as if, in the proviso to
the said clause (2) of Article 54, for the words 3[one hundred and
thirty] the words one hundred and ten were substituted].
1Subs. by the
Constitution (Eight Amdt.) Act, 1985 (18 of 1985), s. 7, for “two”.
2Added by the
Constitution (First Amdt.) Act, 1974 (33 of 1974), s. 5 (w.e.f. the 14th May,
1974).
3Subs. by the
Constitution (Tenth Amdt.) Act, 1987 (1 of 1987), s. 3, which was previously
amended by P.O. No. 24 of 1985, Art. 2.
4Subs. by the
Constitution (Eighteenth Amdt.) Act, 2010 (10 of 2010), s. 19, for “ninety”
Provisions as to Member of 1[Majlis-e-Shoora
(Parliament)]
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